Internal Immigration To TuIkarm City

This study discussed the effect of the internal immigration on the growth of the cities. Since Tulkarm is one of the main cities in the West Bank it was chosen as a study case, This study consists of six chapters; the first chapter dealt with the research strategy and included the study problem, definitions of immigrations_ the main theories and studies dealt with the subject of internal immigration, the goals of the study, the study hypothesis, limits, sources, the questionnaire of the study, the statistical processing, previous studies and defining the study region. The second chapter dealt with the development of building and the population growths in the city during different periods, structural plans show that the city suffered front ignorance in applying the structural plans due to external factors like the Israeli occupation which aimed to reduce the city area and restricted its growth and development, the structural plans were used as a tool to control the growth and development of the city. Despite this, the city extended as the citizens increased during several years in addition to the internal immigration to the city resulted from the Israeli occupation. The types of immigration and its privileges were studied. The results indicate a surpass in the immigration averages since the year 1948 to reach its top at the end of the 90s. Also the results of this study show that most of the immigrants came from villages (44.3%), the dwelling appeared as the main factor for immigration, the immigrants are of middle- ages (15- 65 years) with a percent of (76.2%) most of them works in servicing establishments (47.8%). The study indicated the continuous relation between the immigrants and their original residences which is represented in visits (79.9%). in addition, the study show that most of the immigrants lived in the suburbs (55.7%) while (7o.5%) of the immigrants lived in places where they have relations with the citizens. it was obvious that the main factors for driving away were; bad dwelling, being far from the city, bad transportation, lack of services like water and electricity while the main attracting factors to Tulkarm city were; the presence of relatives & friends, being nearer to the place of work, and available transportation The study showed differences in the availability of services in the dwellings of the immigrants in behalf of the non-immigrants dwellings, in addition to differences in services-distributing between the city and the suburbs in behalf of the suburbs. In the forth chapter the privileges of the citizens were discussed, it was show that the immigrants are concentrated in the middle-age classes (15-64 years) while the non immigrants citizens concentrated in the lower- age classes (0~l4 years) in the youth stage of the trans-demography stages. Also it was shown that the medium age among the immigrants citizens was (27 years) and (16 years) to the non- immigrants citizens, the supporting ratio was decreased among the immigrants (31.3%) while for the non- immigrants it was (81.7%), the sex ratio was 80 males for each 100 females among the immigrants which is lesser than among the non-immigrants where it was 104 males. The social and economical structure of the citizens was studied, the illiteracy ratio was low among the immigrants (7.4%) compared with the non—immigrants (11.2%), the ratio of the university graduates increased among the immigrants (10.8%) and it reached (9%) for the non- immigrants, the higher ratio for the university graduates among the immigrants was for those from villages (18.2%) compared with the immigrants from the cities (2.6%) and (7.1%) for the immigrants from camps. When the marital statics was studied it was shown that (71.3%) of the immigrants were married and (43.5%) of the non- immigrants were married while the singles were (27.1%) of the immigrants and (52.8%) 0f the non-immigrants, the higher ratio of the married among the immigrants was for those from villages (40.8%) and the ratio of the married females reached (25.6%) and (15.2%) for the males. The immigrants working in services reached (47.8%) then in trading it was (15.8%). In the fifth chapter the privileges of the residences were studied, the ratio of the owned- residences was (46,1%) for the immigrants and (68.0%) for the non- immigrants, the ratio of the hired—residences was (53.9%) for the immigrants which is a higher compared with the previous residences before immigration where the ratio of the hired-residences reached (17.4%). The higher ratio of the owned residences was at villages (88.2%) while the hired-residences was (32.7%) in the cities, (8.7%) in the villages, and (12.4%) in the camps. There was a change in the ratio of residences (an apartment in a building) between the previous—dwelling and the present one for the immigrants, it reached (31.3%) in the previous-dwelling and (46.1%) at Tulkarm city. The higher ratio of residences (a separated apartment) according to the dwelling type was in the villages (70.6%), and it was shown that the crowding degree in the residences of the immigrants was (1.70 persons/room) while it was (2.28 persons/room) for the non- immigrants. The sixth chapter the results were analyzed and recommendations were formed.