الروح المعنوية للعاملين في الجامعات الفلسطينية في الضفة الغربية

Owing to the role that Palestinian Universities play in the progress of the Palestinian community and its development through providing it with the scientific qualifications, the need became apparent in the exploration of the specific nature of these Universities . Since the human element, in both administrative and academic sectors share the responsibility of this vital role, the researcher decided upon exploring their functioning situation, especially the morale and influencing factors i.e. administration style, relation with colleagues, motives, salaries and promotions, work conditions, laws and instructions. The research tackled also the influence of sex, years of service, academic qualification, salary, location of work, nature of work, of work on morale level. More specifically , the study came to test the following hypotheses: 1- There is no significant difference ( α = 0 . 05 ) between the mean of responses of workers to the questionnaire of moral - level as ascribed by variables of sex , age , year of service , academic qualification and salary. 2- There is no significant difference (α = 0, 05) between the mean responses of workers to the questionnaire of moral level as ascribed by variable of location of work (the university ). 3- There is no significant difference (α = 0,05 ) between the mean of responses of workers to the questionnaire of moral level as ascribed by variable of nature of work ( academic , administrative ) . The sample of study consisted of 192 subjects , chosen from the population of study from both the academic and administrative sectors in the Palestinian universities ( An -Najah , Al- Quds , Bir-Zeit , Bethlehem , and Hebron ) whose staff counted 960 persons in the academic year 1993/ 1994 . So, the ration of sample to the whole population was 20% which was chosen as a stratified random sample . The researcher composed a questionnaire made of 40 items , and the responses were evaluated according to Lickert five -division scale . Validity of the study was ascertained through the examining by aboard of referees made of nine university professors . The reliability of the study was confirmed through its application to a pilot sample made of 20 subjects from the population of the study and outside it, the value of the coefficient of reliability by test - retest was 0,92 which is fit to the needs of the study . The statistical analysis of the study shows the following results: 1- Acceptance of the first hypothesis I. e .sex ,age, academic qualification , and salary have no effect by the morale level , though years of service shows a significant effect at level (α > o. 05) . 2-Rejection of the second hypothesis i.e. . the location of workers does influence . 3-Acceptance of the second hypothesis i.e. nature of work has no effect upon the moral level (α > 0.05 ). 4- In general , the study shows that the level of moral of workers in the Universities is remarkably low , which indicates the dissatisfaction of workers towards their work . Recommendation In the light of results of the study which indicated a remarkably low Iekel of moral of workers in the Palestinian Universities , the researcher recommends the following : 1- The necessity of applying modern administrative types, exhibiting democracy and equity, by the University administrations . 2- Modernizing the laws of the universities and actualizing them with objective equity . 3- Expanding the basis of participation in decision making , programming and planning in the universities . 4- Reconsidering promotion laws and motives , with the purpose of realizing equity of workers , and giving fair opportunities of proposes and promotion to hard working people . 5- Modifying salaries in proportion to cost of living rise and to requirements of reasonable living in our country. 6- Giving authority to departments of personnel employment to perform the appropriate administrative procedures to guarantee employment on professional bases such that the convenient person be in the convenient place. 7- Provision of necessary services to workers and expanding them.