State Administration in Islam: A Study of the Conceptual Theorizing of State Administration in the Islamic Political Thought

This study aimed to investigate one of the most important problems in Islam, particularly the political Islamic thinking, which is the issue of governance, politics and the state. Consequently, the study problem involves the volume of politics in Islam as a religion, the extent of religion in the Islamic state, and the nature of the relationship between Islam and politics. The study is based on the following hypothesis: From the beginning, the social and political movement in the Islamic society resulted in the creation of a state governed by the regulations of the Islamic message. During the first era of Islam, it was characterized with a totalitarian pattern while at the same time including several modern administrative concepts. This study attempted mainly to authenticate the concept of state management in the political Islamic thought during the first era of Islam, based on the contents of the Holy Book, the Apostle's tradition, the acts and biography of the Orthodox Caliphs. The study tried to uncover the ambiguity and obscurity in a lot of the mistaken concepts related to politics and religion, and the reality of the relationship between them, clarified with evidence and political events from the life of the Messenger (PBUH), and the methodology, behavior, and biographies of the Orthodox Caliphs in order to highlight the comprehensiveness of Islam and its role in the political life, its organization of the relationship between the governor and the governed based on justice and equality, while at the same time maintaining rights and liberties, and respecting the will of the nation. The study referred to the importance of state in Islam, how the first Islamic state was created with all the bases and foundations of state that can be considered as a benchmark for the state creation after the prophetic and orthodox eras. The study also showed the administrative level practiced by the Messenger (PBUH) and the Orthodox Caliphs who came after him. The study reached several conclusions that can be summarized as follows: Islam has recognized the methodologies, objectives, purposes, ends, and philosophies of all the affairs that can be changed and developed. These include state creation, nation politics and leadership. The State in Islam is a necessity and a must. It is a civil duty dictated by the religious duty imposed by Allah on the believers in the Islam Message. The study also reached the conclusion that the relationship between the concept of state and its management has not evolved as a problem in Islam because it has been found out in the study that the state management in Islam with its both political and administrative dimensions was a personification and a translation of the Islamic doctrine. stine_(2004_2010)