Methods of Political Change for Islamic Political Groups Between Ideology and Practice "Muslim Brotherhood Movement in Egypt as aCase Study"

Abstract This study discusses the methods of political change among the Islamic political movements. "The Muslim Brotherhood Movement in Egypt 1928-2005" will be a case study, Islamic political movement has been crucial role in modern middle east history. The role is expected to increase further in light of the revolutions that are taking place in the Arab world2011 which resulted in the elections that were organized in a number of Arab countries such as Tunisia, Morocco and Egypt. results have shown the growing role of the Islamic political movements as a partner in the decision-making process after long absence from the official political scene. We argue in the study that the Muslim Brotherhood in Egypt has adopted, in its quest to make the change it desires in the Egyptian society, a number of different methods that are sometimes seen as contradictory. However, the selection mechanism of these methods and their execution in light of the prohibition that the Brotherhood Movement experiences often come close to changes in intellect and ideology. For that purpose, the study laid down a number of questions about the nature of these methods and the mechanisms that the Egyptian Brotherhood Movement has adopted in its quest to achieve full change in the Egyptian society since its establishment in 1928 until the year 2005. Based on this, the study suggests the variability of the methods that the Muslim Brotherhood Movement have adopted in order to achieve political change that corresponds to its intellectual visions; however, it did not succeed in forming a government that has an Islamic reference. A number of scientific research methodologies such as, the analytical, descriptive methodology in order to analyze the positions, ideas and behaviors of the Movement in different stages to achieve total change; The extent to which these methods did or did not fulfill the goals of the Movement was examined. Moreover, the researcher followed the historical methodology to shed light on the most significant historical stages in the Movement's history. The study was concluded with a number of results. First, it emphasized the hypothesis which said that the Brotherhood Movement did not succeed in quest to achieve change during the period of the study. Second, The movement was able to obtain the accomplishment and de facto legitimacy during its quest to change in spite of the fact that the Movement was banned over a long time of its history and existence. Finally, the study recommens for more success first, that it is necessary for the Brotherhood Movement to change its stereotype which always depicted it as a movement that uses violence , second it is important for Muslim Brotherhood Movement to adopt a clear discourse not subject to different interpretation about its vision of the shape of the Egyptian state, the role of the Copts and women.