Design and Building of Biogas Digester for Organic Materials Gained From Solid waste

There are millions of tons of biomass waste being produced every year for which disposal is a problem. At the same time the world is rapidly depleting its supply of natural gas, which is known to be the cleanest of the fossil fuels. Anaerobic digestion (AD) is a highly promising technology for converting biomass waste into methane, which may directly be used as an energy source, or converted to hydrogen. This thesis describes an alternative low cost approach to anaerobic digestion and energy production. This thesis depends mainly on the organic materials gained from solid waste materials such as food, garden waste and paper. This issue makes this thesis very different in comparison to those dealing with anaerobic digesters depending on animal dung. The motivation for this study comes from Zahret.Alfinjan Landfill in Jenin City at north of West Bank. There is no heavy industry in the municipalities and no hazardous waste produced and thus is a good candidate for biological treatment. From the calculations, a range of 4000 to 5000 kWh/day of electricity can be produced by the digester according to 400 ton/day received to Zahret Alfingan land fill with organic fraction 50%, resulting enough power to supply 800 to 1000 homes of Jenin City. This thesis will discuss the biogas production technology from organic waste using two types of digestion: Batch-load digesters are filled all at once, sealed, and emptied when the raw material has stopped producing gas, An experimental work in Nablus Industrial School, where we use a batch digester type with 100 liter capacity and we fill the digester by 30 kg of organic waste and 30 liter of water (total mix as liquid 60 liter), which produced 4.98 kg of bio gas over 30 days, as result we can say each one kg of organic waste can produce 0.166 kg of bio gas. Another experimental work done on continuous-load digesters which feed a little, regularly, so this gas and fertilizer are produced continuously. A two drum digester continuous-load digesters with total volume of 240 L. We used about 100 kg of waste and 100 liter of water, with a daily supply of 5 L mixed over a period of 40 days, 11.125 kg of biogas during 40 days = 15.89m3 had been produced, (density of Methane 0.7 kg/m3). As result we can say each kg of organic waste can produce 0.11 kg of bio gas.