The Effect of Repetition of Three Types of Kata onThe Response of Selected Hormones, Enzymes, Blood Contents, and Cardiovascular System among Karate Players Aged 15-25 Years"

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of repetition of three types of kata on the response of Selected hormones, enzymes, blood contents, and cardiovascular System among karate players aged15-25 years. The purposive sample consisted of (30) players from various sports clubs and karate centers in the northern West Bank (Nablus, Tulkarem, Jenin, Qalqilya) and holding a black belt and above. The means of (age, height, weight, and body mass index) were respectively (17.13 yr, 171.77 cm, 62.47 kg, and 21.04 kg/m²). The study sample was divided into three experimental groups of (10) players in each group, the first group do Tekki Shodan Kata, the second group do Bassi Dai Kata, and the third group do Kanku Dai Kata. The independent variables of the study consist of some hormones (testosterone, cortisol, thyroxin), enzymes (LDH, CPK), blood components (red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, platelets and hemoglobin), and cardiovascular system (heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, Pulse pressure, stroke volume and cardiac output). Having the data collected, they were analyzed statistically by using (SPSS) Paired-t-test, One Way ANOVA and Scheffe Test for post hoc. The results of the first question were: -No statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the pre and post tests among the members of the first experimental group (Tekki Shodan) in variables cortisol, thyroxin, (LDH), (CPK), red blood cells, hemoglobin, pulse pressure and stroke volume. -There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the pre and post tests among the members of the first experimental group (Tekki Shodan) in variables testosterone, heart rate, white blood cells, hematocrit, platelets, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and cardiac output in favor of the post test. -No statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the pre and post tests among the members of the second experimental group (Bassi Dai) in variables testosterone, cortisol, thyroxin, (LDH), (CPK), red blood cells, white blood cells, pulse pressure and stroke volume. -There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the pre and post tests among the members of the second experimental group (Bassi Dai) in variables heart rate, white blood cells, hematocrit, platelets, hemoglobin, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and cardiac output in favor of the post test. -No statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the pre and post tests among the members of the third experimental group (Kanku Dai) in variables testosterone, cortisol, thyroxin, (LDH), (CPK), red blood cells, hematocrit, Pulse pressure and stroke volume. -There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) between the pre and post tests among the members of the third experimental group (Kanku Dai) in variables (CPK), heart rate, white blood cells, platelets, hemoglobin, systolic pressure, diastolic pressure and cardiac output in favor of the post test. The results of the second question were: -No statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) in post test in variables testosterone, thyroxin, CPK, red blood cells, platelets, heart rate, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure, stroke volume and cardiac output according to the type of kata. -There were statistically significant differences at the level of significance (a = 0.05) in post test in variables cortisol, LDH , white blood cells, hematocrit and hemoglobin according to the type of kata. Based on the results of the study, the researcher recommended to generalize these results to the Palestinian universities, karate centers and trainers (coaches) in order to design training programs according to scientific bases containing these variables. Keywords: Karate, Kata, Hormones, Enzymes.